In order to achieve the goal of self-reliance in India's satellite - based navigation and augmentation services, a comprehensive and substantive policy for satellite based navigation has been proposed.
GLONASS: A Russian space-based satellite navigation system is a GNSS that provides an alternative to GPS and is the second navigational system with global coverage, freely available to all.
Galileo: A global GNSS was created in 2016 by European Space Agency.
BeiDou: The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is owned and operated by the People's Republic of China. It consists of two separate satellite constellations.
The draft of the Indian Satellite Navigation Policy - 2021 (SATNAV Policy - 2021) has been presented by the Department of Space (DOS) on Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) Website that seeks public consultation, after which, the draft would be placed before the Union Cabinet for approval and authorization.
The draft Indian Satellite Navigation Policy - 2021 states that it tends to "Achieve self-reliance in satellite - based navigation and augmentation services with an emphasis on assuring availability & quality, enhancing usage, working towards progressive evolution of the service and promoting research and development".
The draft notes that over the last few decades, there has been a phenomenal growth in the number of applications that rely on Position, Velocity and Time (PVT) services provided by Space-based navigation systems. With the advent of information and mobile phone technology, crores of users across India rely heavily on PVT based applications in virtually every walk of life.
Key Objectives :-
1) Ensure guaranteed and continuous availability of free-to-air navigation signals for civilian uses and secured navigation signals for strategic uses in the defined coverage area.
2) Promote Indian industry and academia to carry out research and development activities in the field of satellite navigation-based applications with emphasis on societal benefits.
3) Ensure guaranteed and continuous availability of Satellite-based Augmentation System (SBAS) for aviation safety in the defined coverage area.
4) Work towards facilitating global usage of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation systems.
5) Ensure judicious dissemination of Signal-In-Space (SIS) interface definition and system performance reports for the intended use.
6) Work towards compatibility and interoperability of Indian satellite navigation and augmentation signals with other GNSS/SBAS signals.
7) Focus on technology development for enhancing the navigation satellite systems.
8) Work towards progressive evolution of navigation signals and expansion of coverage for enhanced use.
Currently 4 GNSS are Present :
GPS: The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the USA and operated by the United States Force.
GLONASS: A Russian space-based satellite navigation system is a GNSS that provides an alternative to GPS and is the second navigational system with global coverage, freely available to all.
Galileo: A global GNSS was created in 2016 by European Space Agency.
BeiDou: The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is owned and operated by the People's Republic of China. It consists of two separate satellite constellations.
In addition to this, there are a regional navigation satellite systems are present,
NavIC: Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System is an independent regional navigation satellite system developed by India. It provides accurate, precise, and real-time positioning and services. The satellite covers India and a region extending 1,500km around.
QZSS: The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System, also known as Michibiki, is a regional GNSS owned by Japan and operated by QZS System Service. It is a four-satellite regional time transfer system, enhancing the United States - operated Global Positioning System in Asia-Oceania regions, with a focus on Japan.
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